BoutsPro(BOUTS)

While Cryptoqueen's whereabouts remain unknown, more OneCoin former executives are serving prison sentences.

FBI is still trying to identify the whereabouts of Tornado Cash's other co-founder, Roman Semenov, who remained at large.

The ether-bitcoin ratio rose more than 2% past week in a gain that's inconsistent with its record of taking losses during bouts of risk aversion.

Former smartphone giant BlackBerry’s cybersecurity division has identified notorious malware families that are exclusively targeting cryptocurrencies and the crypto ecosystem. Prominent malware includes the likes of RaccoonStealer, SmokeLoader, and Vidar, which hijack computers belonging to unsuspecting users for crypto mining or theft. BlackBerry Identifies Significant Threats The findings were published in a “Global Threat Intelligence Report” published on Thursday. In the report, the former smartphone giant states that they successfully averted over 1.5 million cyberattacks between the months of March and May. The company added that the primary target of these attacks was the healthcare, financial, and government sectors. BlackBerry published the report on X, stating, “Think only enterprises get hacked? If you’re a mid-market or small business, you still have a big target on your small or mid-size back. BlackBerry’s@aboutsecurity shares why cybercriminals select targets based on impact & how much they’re willing to pay.” One of the most significant threats identified during this period was RedLine, a commodity malware that can harvest information such as saved credentials, crypto, and credit card information. RedLine was used to breach Hatch Bank, a fintech banking platform, leading to the loss of significant banking data and crypto. BlackBerry noted in its report, “During this reporting period, BlackBerry telemetry observed a continuous trend in the use of commodity malware such as RedLine, which can harvest information including saved credentials, credit card information, and cryptocurrency.” Malware Targeting Crypto The company also identified several other malware families specifically designed to hijack and use computers for mining purposes. These include RaccoonStealer, Vidar, and SmokeLoader. SmokeLoader, a rogue financial tool, is of particular concern and has been used by Russian hackers and threat actors for rogue crypto mining. RaccoonStealer, a malware that can be sourced from the dark web, has been designed to specifically target crypto wallets and steal information. The malware is capable of obtaining passwords, cookies, web browser data, and cryptocurrency wallet data. Another malware, Vidar, targets Linux users and extracts information from crypto wallets and exchanges. Hackers routinely target Linux systems because they are vulnerable to mining attacks. BlackBerry has advised companies to apply security patches to secure themselves from attacks orchestrated by the malware families in question. “Vidar harvests banking information, browser credentials, and cryptocurrency wallets, as well as standard files.” The report also highlighted the Clop ransomware, which was used to target banking and financial institutions. This particular ransomware was also responsible for a data breach at Hatch Bank. The report also highlighted the growing threat to critical sectors from hackers and such malware, emphasizing the importance and urgency for companies to bolster their cybersecurity practices to counter these threats. Hackers have also introduced the Promotei botnet to target Linux-based servers to mine cryptocurrencies such as Monero. Given the botnet’s advanced features, tracing and stopping it has been notoriously difficult. The Crypto Space And Cybersecurity SonicWall, a cybersecurity firm, has, in a recent report, stated that crypto-jacking incidents have risen a staggering 399% year-on-year. Most of the entities behind these attempts are based in regions where mining bans and sanctions are in force. An estimate by Statista projects the cybersecurity market to reach $162 billion in 2023 on the back of increasing threats to the crypto ecosystem. The most recent hack targeting an exchange occurred on the 22nd of July when North Korean hackers from the notorious Lazarus Group targeted the Coinspaid exchange and stole around $37 million. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Former smartphone giant BlackBerry’s cybersecurity division has identified notorious malware families that are exclusively targeting cryptocurrencies and the crypto ecosystem. Prominent malware includes the likes of RaccoonStealer, SmokeLoader, and Vidar, which hijack computers belonging to unsuspecting users for crypto mining or theft. BlackBerry Identifies Significant Threats The findings were published in a “Global Threat Intelligence Report” published on Thursday. In the report, the former smartphone giant states that they successfully averted over 1.5 million cyberattacks between the months of March and May. The company added that the primary target of these attacks was the healthcare, financial, and government sectors. BlackBerry published the report on X, stating, “Think only enterprises get hacked? If you’re a mid-market or small business, you still have a big target on your small or mid-size back. BlackBerry’s@aboutsecurity shares why cybercriminals select targets based on impact & how much they’re willing to pay.” One of the most significant threats identified during this period was RedLine, a commodity malware that can harvest information such as saved credentials, crypto, and credit card information. RedLine was used to breach Hatch Bank, a fintech banking platform, leading to the loss of significant banking data and crypto. BlackBerry noted in its report, “During this reporting period, BlackBerry telemetry observed a continuous trend in the use of commodity malware such as RedLine, which can harvest information including saved credentials, credit card information, and cryptocurrency.” Malware Targeting Crypto The company also identified several other malware families specifically designed to hijack and use computers for mining purposes. These include RaccoonStealer, Vidar, and SmokeLoader. SmokeLoader, a rogue financial tool, is of particular concern and has been used by Russian hackers and threat actors for rogue crypto mining. RaccoonStealer, a malware that can be sourced from the dark web, has been designed to specifically target crypto wallets and steal information. The malware is capable of obtaining passwords, cookies, web browser data, and cryptocurrency wallet data. Another malware, Vidar, targets Linux users and extracts information from crypto wallets and exchanges. Hackers routinely target Linux systems because they are vulnerable to mining attacks. BlackBerry has advised companies to apply security patches to secure themselves from attacks orchestrated by the malware families in question. “Vidar harvests banking information, browser credentials, and cryptocurrency wallets, as well as standard files.” The report also highlighted the Clop ransomware, which was used to target banking and financial institutions. This particular ransomware was also responsible for a data breach at Hatch Bank. The report also highlighted the growing threat to critical sectors from hackers and such malware, emphasizing the importance and urgency for companies to bolster their cybersecurity practices to counter these threats. Hackers have also introduced the Promotei botnet to target Linux-based servers to mine cryptocurrencies such as Monero. Given the botnet’s advanced features, tracing and stopping it has been notoriously difficult. The Crypto Space And Cybersecurity SonicWall, a cybersecurity firm, has, in a recent report, stated that crypto-jacking incidents have risen a staggering 399% year-on-year. Most of the entities behind these attempts are based in regions where mining bans and sanctions are in force. An estimate by Statista projects the cybersecurity market to reach $162 billion in 2023 on the back of increasing threats to the crypto ecosystem. The most recent hack targeting an exchange occurred on the 22nd of July when North Korean hackers from the notorious Lazarus Group targeted the Coinspaid exchange and stole around $37 million. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

The highly controversial Arkham Intel Exchange has approved its first-ever bounty hunt, with crypto sleuths set to go after crypto wallets belonging to Terra co-founder Do Kwon. With Do Kwon currently languishing in a Montenegrin jail, crypto users have long been trying to seek out any information regarding his crypto wallets. “Deanonymizing The Blockchain” The Arkham Intel Exchange is a highly controversial platform, acting as a marketplace that facilitates the trading of on-chain data. The platform recently approved its first-ever bounty submission after two crypto sleuths found evidence of crypto wallets belonging to Do Kwon. An anonymous user, along with a pseudo-anonymous Twitter user going by the name of @ErgoBTC, were paid around 9500 ARKM tokens, worth around $5000 for their submission. “The Arkham Intel Exchange now has its first approved submission: new evidence of wallets owned by Do Kwon / Terraform Labs. An anonymous on-chain sleuth and @ErgoBTC were the successful bounty hunters.” It further added, “Expanded labels for the LFG BTC address activity after running off with funds intended for the defense of the UST depeg have been added to Arkham as a part of their bounty program.” According to Arkham Intel, the anonymous user and Ergo sent the platform considerable evidence they had found wallets owned by Do Kwon and Terra. Ergo stated this evidence contradicts public statements made by Terra that it holds only one Luna Foundation Guard wallet. Luna Foundation Guard stated that 80,081 BTC, which comprised over 99% of its reserves, had exited the fund. LFG had claimed that the reason behind the sale of the crypto asset was to shore up and support the overall health of the Terra ecosystem. ErgoBTC’s Findings Ergo shared further details about his research, which was first made public in October when the Luna Foundation Guard claimed it had only one Bitcoin wallet containing 313 BTC. Ergo had written at the time, “While it may be true that this is the only formally ‘declared’ wallet controlled by the LFG, they seem to have failed to account for the trail of bread crumbs left by the change outputs used to fund their new declared wallet.” The crypto sleuth continued to track the funds over the next few months and noted that they were moving even after Do Kwon’s arrest in March. “Kwon may have been rolled up for faking a passport. But LFG and the BTC are still moving.” The wallet being tracked has been officially christened “Terraform Labs” on the Arkham Intel Exchange and currently holds around $160 million worth of crypto, out of which around $153 million is in Bitcoin. The Arkham Intel Exchange The Arkham Intel Exchange was launched on the 10th of July to generally negative reactions by members of the crypto space, with most describing it as a glorified snitching service. Many in the crypto space have also stated that the platform could be used to dox innocent individuals. Users on the platform can place bounties for information related to blockchain transactions, which would then be released to the public within 90 days following approval from the platform. Going by this timeline, information about the Do Kwon and Terra wallets could be available in the public domain sometime in October. The Terra Collapse The Terra collapse was one of the most crippling events in the history of crypto when the collapse of its algorithmic stablecoin TerraUSD and its cryptocurrency LUNA triggered chaos in the market. Following TerraUSD’s de-pegging and the ecosystem’s collapse, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) charged Do Kwon with securities violations for selling unregistered transactions of crypto asset securities. He was also charged for failing to provide truthful disclosures and providing investors with misleading information. Kwon’s whereabouts were unknown until March 2023, when he was apprehended by authorities in Montenegro and was sentenced to four months in prison for traveling using forged travel papers. Several other individuals connected to Terra are also under investigation by authorities in South Korea. Recently, co-founder Hin Hyun-seong had his first hearing for charges related to illegal profits from the sale of LUNA tokens. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

With bitcoin flat and slightly down on the day, the same could be said of the altcoins, with the exception of just a few. A flat bitcoin Bitcoin remains in its sideways accumulation as it has done for the last three days. The market is waiting for that next big move, and whether this is to the upside or the downside is still to be decided. The fact that the king of the cryptocurrencies made another higher high is all to the good, and even if there is a dip to $28,000 or thereabouts a higher low will have easily been put in. Others.D The high end of the crypto market has had a flat day so far, but this is not the case for certain altcoins lower down. The Others.Dominance chart is the market cap of cryptos excluding the top ten cryptocurrencies. This chart is 13.3% up for the day so far compared with slightly negative percentages for other Total market caps. So with such a good move to the upside for this section of the market, which were the alts that made the most percentage gains? $SUSHI Sushi ($SUSHI), one of the main competitors to Uniswap, has put on 11.9% thus far. A double bottom looks to have been found at $0.48, and today’s rise to $0.76 has met $0.80 but has since returned to hopefully flip resistance into support at $0.76. $CELO Celo ($CELO), the mobile, carbon negative, EVM-compatible blockchain ecosystem has also risen just over 11% up to now. The decent move upwards here is probably due to the announcement that Celo devs will migrate the blockchain from a layer1 to a layer2-based on OP stack, improving security and bringing more use cases to ethereum. Celo has found its own double bottom which fell as far as $0.34. An uptrend has still not formed, but a range between $0.41 and $0.91 is currently being adhered to. $1INCH 1inch ($1INCH), another decentralised swaps exchange like Sushi and Uniswap, was perhaps the biggest mover of the day, reaching $0.59, which equated to a 36.8% rise before retracing nearly all of those gains back down at $0.43. This surge came on the back of a 29% growth over the previous two days, so perhaps traders decided to take profits on this one. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

The radio silence from the Multichain team following days of outages has left users searching for answers, with the protocol currently holding $1.5 billion in total value locked. Let’s find out more. Bitcoin Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao has said that he believes the crypto space could see the beginning of a bull run after China Central Television aired a segment on crypto. Ethereum Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin's recent blog post has raised concerns about the potential risks associated with expanding the scope of social consensus within the Ethereum network. Ethereum recently implemented its Shanghai/Shapella upgrade, which has been ground-breaking for its investors. DeFi The Aave community is mulling over a proposal to launch its V3 on the Coinbase-backed Layer-2 blockchain solution, Base network. Pioneering DeFi protocol, MakerDAO, has initiated a vote on a proposal allowing its delegates to maintain anonymity and keep their whereabouts undisclosed. Altcoins The lack of communication and updates from Multichain’s leadership has amplified rumors, leading to significant unease and uncertainty among protocol users. Technology The Solana Foundation has announced the official integration of a ChatGPT plug-in developed by Solana Labs, marking the official integration of AI into its network. Hardware wallet provider Ledger has announced that it is pushing back the launch of its key-recovery feature after mounting criticism from the larger crypto community. Business According to court filings published on Thursday, Crypto Consortium Celsius has won the bid to acquire bankrupt crypto lender Celsius Network. After filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy last December, the Bitcoin mining company, Core Scientific, is now set to finalize a restructuring plan which it expects will net at least a $46 million boost. Cryptocurrency exchange Gemini has revealed that Genesis parent entity DCG missed a $630 million loan payment due last week. Regulation US Senator Cynthia Lummis has pushed back against the Biden Administration’s proposal to tax cryptocurrency miners, stating that the administration is picking “winners and losers.” Hong Kong's Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) has recently introduced a series of stringent rules that are set to reshape the landscape of virtual asset trading within the city. Governor Ron DeSantis of Florida has made promises to protect the world of digital assets while simultaneously dismantling the concept of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). In a recent announcement, the European Systemic Risk Board emphasized the need for measures to prevent excessive leveraged bets on crypto assets. Germany’s Banking Sector recognizes the vast potential of blockchain technology beyond cryptocurrencies by exploring related innovative applications across various other domains. Crypto exchange Coinbase filed a writ of mandamus against the US SEC shortly after the regulatory body stated it was in no hurry to respond to Coinbase’s demands for regulatory clarity. Global policy forum IOSCO on Tuesday released the first global approach to crypto asset and digital market regulation. Japan has announced the implementation of new anti-money laundering measures for cryptocurrencies to combat increasing fraudulent activities in the industry. With the UK seeking to become a crypto hub, the Winklevoss twins are advising the government not to let itself be influenced by the politicization of crypto in the US. Cryptocurrency exchange Bitget continues to make strides toward becoming an industry leader by securing a regulatory license in Poland. The Philippines Securities and Exchange Commission has issued an advisory warning to the public, asking them not to invest in Gemini’s Gemini Derivatives product. A welcoming embrace from French regulators has led crypto exchange OKX to opt for making France a central base for its operations. Malaysia’s securities regulator, the Securities Commission, has ordered cryptocurrency exchange Huobi to cease all operations in the country. The South Korean Prime Minister, Han Deok-soo, has called on high-ranking public officials to disclose their crypto holdings, with party members unveiling a new bill on Friday. While speaking at the final day of the G7 summit in Hiroshima, President Joe Biden clarified that he would “not agree to a deal that protects wealthy tax cheats and crypto traders.” NFT The Binance crypto exchange has launched an NFT loan feature, which will allow users to use their NFTs as collateral to borrow cryptocurrency. Renowned entrepreneur and digital asset advocate Gary Vee expressed his belief that NFTs have the power to revolutionize the ticketing industry. Web3 ConsenSys, the blockchain technology firm behind the widely used crypto wallet MetaMask, has addressed recent rumors claiming it collects taxes from cryptocurrency users. Dispersion Capital has emerged from stealth mode and announced the launch of a $40 million fund to support startups working on infrastructure for Web3 projects. Security Cybersecurity firm Unciphered has claimed it managed to hack the hugely popular Trezor T hardware wallet manufactured by Satoshi Labs. Decentralized crypto mixing platform Tornado Cash recently suffered a significant attack when a malicious proposal recently subverted its governance system. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

MakerDAO, a pioneering DeFi protocol, has initiated a vote on a proposal that would allow its delegates to maintain anonymity and keep their whereabouts undisclosed. Co-founder Rune Christensen is leading the proposal, which, if approved, would make anonymity a mandatory requirement for eligible voters. The proposal includes consequences for delegates who reveal their identities publicly, with the forfeiture of their rewards as a penalty. Community members who provide evidence of such wrongdoing would also be eligible for rewards. Christensen believes that this measure would reduce the vulnerability of delegates to criminal targeting and prevent them from using personal relationships to influence outcomes. By keeping delegates' identities secret, the proposal aims to enhance security and minimize the risk of hacking attempts. On-chain data indicates that MakerDAO's Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), a metric measuring supply concentration, has increased. With a current value of 0.022, the higher index suggests that funds are more concentrated in certain addresses, indicating lower competition within the network. However, the HHI has limitations in defining the specific market being examined. For instance, it may fail to account for situations where one company dominates a particular segment or holds a monopoly over a specific product or service, despite the overall market appearing competitive based on the HHI calculation. Geographic factors can also impact market concentration. Companies with equal market shares operating in different geographic regions may effectively have a monopoly within their respective markets. This can lead to situations where the HHI value increases significantly in specific areas, even if the overall market appears competitive. Despite recent fluctuations, MakerDAO's Total Value Locked (TVL) remains in second place behind Lido Finance (LDO). The TVL represents the total amount of assets locked in a protocol. At present, MakerDAO's TVL stands at $6.87 billion, reflecting a 7.30% decrease in the past 30 days, indicating a decline in liquidity and overall protocol health. Turning to the price of MKR, data from CoinMarketCap reveals a 12.19% decrease in value over the past month-to-date cycle. Historical Significance The historical relevance of MakerDAO as a pioneering DeFi protocol lies in its role as a model in terms of market concentration and how this affects the ecosystem in general. Where market dynamics and competition are at play, protocols such as MakerDAO whose decentralized stablecoins (as opposed, for example, to dollar-collateralized stablecoins such as Circle's USDC) provide a nuanced factor to liquidity provision. The protocol introduced the concept of decentralized stablecoins and played a crucial role in shaping the early DeFi ecosystem. Founded in 2014, MakerDAO sought to address the volatility and lack of stability in the cryptocurrency market by creating DAI, a decentralized stablecoin pegged to the value of the US dollar. Unlike traditional stablecoins that rely on centralized reserves, DAI achieves its stability through an innovative system of overcollateralization and smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. The introduction of DAI marked a significant milestone in the development of DeFi. It provided users with a stable and decentralized medium of exchange, enabling them to participate in various DeFi applications without being subject to the volatility of other cryptocurrencies. MakerDAO's decentralized governance model also set a precedent for other DeFi protocols. The protocol introduced the concept of MKR tokens, which serve as both the governance token and the collateral asset for creating DAI. MKR holders have the power to vote on important decisions related to the protocol, such as changes to risk parameters and system upgrades. MakerDAO also pioneered the concept of decentralized lending and borrowing. Through the integration of smart contracts and collateralized debt positions (CDPs), users can lock their crypto assets as collateral to generate DAI loans. This innovative lending mechanism unlocked new opportunities for individuals to access liquidity without relying on traditional financial institutions. The success and resilience of MakerDAO throughout the years have made it a cornerstone of the DeFi landscape. Its protocol has proven to be robust, providing stability during market downturns and gaining popularity among DeFi enthusiasts. MakerDAO's role as a decentralized governance platform and a provider of stablecoins has inspired the development of numerous other DeFi projects that have contributed to the growth and expansion of the ecosystem. Recent Developments MakerDAO recently announced the launch of the Spark Protocol, which offers competitive interest rates for users and holders of the DAI stablecoin. Spark Protocol's first product, Spark Lend, is linked to MakerDAO's Direct Deposit DAI Module (D3M), enabling users to borrow DAI at attractive rates. The protocol aims to improve DAI lending capabilities, increase liquidity options, and provide yield-bearing versions of DAI. As part of MakerDAO's Endgame plan, the Spark Protocol is designed to enhance stability and liquidity. MakerDAO proposes making DAI a free-floating asset collateralized by real-world assets, while maintaining its peg to the dollar for three years. The plan also involves accumulating more Ethereum (ETH) to increase the ratio of decentralized collateral supporting DAI. MakerDAO has proposed a new constitution to formalize governance processes and protect against potential threats. The constitution employs "alignment engineering" to solidify the core commitments of the community and establish different categories of participants with varying powers and responsibilities. MakerDAO's initiatives into pushing for anonymous delegates while addressing supply concentration concerns are a welcome development in the DeFi space, providing further balance in the ecosystem. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Protocol developers demand that CEO and CTO Yubo Ruan step down, while Ruan has accused the development team of an "illegal takeover."

South Korean authorities have taken several staff members of the cryptocurrency exchange Coinone for breach of trust and other criminal acts. Coinone Under The Scanner High drama took place at Coinone after it emerged that the exchange’s executives could go to prison. Prosecutors in South Korea have claimed that the executives in question had received billions to list specific cryptocurrencies on their platform. As a result, authorities detained several employees of the exchange. Coinone is one of the leading cryptocurrency exchanges in the country, often counted among the Big 4 crypto exchanges in South Korea. The arrest warrants were issued by Seoul Southern District Court Chief Judge Kim Ji-Sook, who stated that the employees in question could escape and deemed it necessary to detain them. According to the authorities, the head of Coinone’s listing division, Kim Mo, broke the Concealment of Criminal Proceeds Act. He also faced allegations of breach of trust, along with another individual, Hwang Mo. Details Of The Fraud As a listing broker, Hwang allegedly paid 2 billion won ($1.5 million) to Kim. These transfers were bribes in exchange for Kim listing specific cryptocurrencies on the Coinone platform. Authorities stated that the ex-director of Coinone, Mr. Jeon, also received payments to facilitate listing certain assets and circumvent listing procedures outlined for the exchange. Investigators claimed that one of the coins listed on the exchange could also be tied to a possible murder. “Furever Coin” listed on the exchange was tied to a possible murder in a case that involved the kidnapping of a 48-year-old individual from the Gangnam District of Seoul. Authorities suspect that the murder was in retaliation to a major crypto investment on Coinone that did not go as planned. One Of The Big 4 Coinone was founded in 2014 by Kevin Cha with the goal of serving crypto users based in South Korea. The exchange soon expanded to other countries, such as Indonesia, by 2017. Along with other exchanges such as UPbit, Bithumb, and Korbit, Coinone is part of South Korea’s infamous Big 4 crypto exchanges. Together, the four platforms handle over 90% of the crypto trading volume in the country. South Korean regulators had recently mandated several stricter rules that exchanges operating in South Korea needed to abide by. Coinone, along with a few other platforms, had fulfilled these requirements. South Korea was in the spotlight earlier in the week as well, following the GDAC hack. The platform lost nearly $13 million, which accounted for nearly 23% of the assets it had under its custody. GDAC has blocked deposit and withdrawal methods and has reported the issue to the relevant authorities. No Repeat Of The Do Kwon Saga South Korean authorities are keen to avoid a situation similar to the collapse of Luna/UST. As a result, authorities are far more determined to tackle crime and fraud when it comes to the cryptocurrency ecosystem in South Korea. Investors and agencies have blamed Kwon for being the mastermind behind the collapse of Luna and insist he faces the law. However, Do Kwon did not cooperate and went into hiding, with several counties such as Singapore, Russia, Mauritius, and Dubai mooted as possible destinations. A notice issued by the South Korean authorities and Interpol had no effect, and his whereabouts continued to remain unknown, with speculation that he was hiding in Serbia. Do Kwon was finally arrested in Montenegro and was charged by American prosecutors with commodities fraud, securities fraud, and conspiracy. However, it remains unclear if Do Kwon will face these charges in the United States of America or his homeland. South Korean authorities have come down heavily on cryptocurrency exchanges in the past as well. In February, authorities arrested the de-facto owner of Bithumb, the country’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, on charges of embezzlement and stock manipulation. Other executives of the exchange were also on the radar of the authorities. In January, authorities targeted another crypto exchange, V Global, arresting several executives after regulatory authorities filed a case. Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.